Background
Screening for anxiety and depression is recommended in international guidelines but rarely implemented. The Psycho-Oncology Co-operative Research Group developed an evidence-based clinical pathway (CP) for cancer-related anxiety and depression, and an online portal with accompanying resources to enact it (ADAPT).
Objectives
This study compared the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of two implementation strategies (core versus enhanced), designed to encourage adherence to the ADAPT CP over a 12-month period.
Methods
A cluster randomized controlled trial in 12 NSW Oncology services was completed in December 2020. Sites were stratified by size and randomized to core versus enhanced implementation arms. After 6-8 engagements sessions to tailor the CP to site requirements, clarify staff roles and receive training, each site implemented ADAPT for 1 year, recruiting patients as part of standard care. Staff completed questionnaires and interviews at baseline (T0) assessing attitudes and readiness for change, and at mid (T1) and post implementation (T2) assessing perceived acceptability and feasibility of ADAPT and impact of implementation strategies.
Results and Conclusions
Participating sites were: metropolitan (n=7) or rural (n=5); public (n=10), public and private (n=1) or private (n=1). 106 and 88 staff completed questionnaires and interviews at T0, with some drop-off over time. 696 patients completed initial screening, 627 at least one follow-up screen. Acceptability of ADAPT was very high (mean of 32/35) but staff also perceived moderate burden (mean 11/20) associated with its delivery. Staff believed ADAPT is evidence-based and serves a local need, benefiting patients (improved psychosocial outcomes), staff (new skills) and the service (data to demonstrate good care or to support request for additional staff). Perceived challenges were staff time, duplicated data-entry, and patient barriers. Average cost per patient was $126. A trend observed for health care utilisation to be reduced after registration on ADAPT, suggested cost savings. With institutional commitment, adequate resourcing and support for staff, ADAPT can make a difference to patient and health system outcomes.