Background
Breast cancer remains the second most common cause of death from cancer among females.1 In Australia, real-life population-based information related to evidence-based treatment practices and their influence on 5-year overall survival of breast cancer patients are limited.
Objectives
This study was conducted to determine breast cancer 5-year overall survival and the association between survival and socio-demographic, pathological and treatment factors from cancer registry-based data source.
Methods
Data were obtained from the New South Wales (NSW) and Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Cancer Registries linked with Admitted Patient Data Collection (APCD), Registry of Births, Deaths, and Marriages (RBDM) and public/private radiotherapy departmental data. Women diagnosed with primary breast cancer in NSW and ACT between 01/01/2009-31/12/2014 and followed up to 31 December 2018 were included. Kaplan-Meir survival curve and Cox regression analyses assessed the significant factors influencing survival.
Results
Twenty-nine thousand three hundred and five (N=29,305) patients were included. The 5-year overall survival was 88.1% and median survival time was 78.2 months. Significant factors (p<0.001) associated with worse survival were: older age, local birthplace (versus overseas), lower socio-economic status (SES) and larger and more advanced tumors. Living in remote areas had a survival disadvantage although the effect was not significant (p>0.05). Patients receiving BCS alone had 1.8 times higher risk of death within 5 years compared to those receiving BCS+RT, (Hazard ratio (HR)=1.78, 95% CI 1.57–2.08). In node positive patients post mastectomy, those not receiving RT had 1.2 times higher risk of death (p<0.05) (HR=1.15, 95% CI 1.01-1.31).
Conclusions
Survival is negatively impacted when evidence-based treatment is not followed, as seen in patients not receiving RT post BCS or post mastectomy with high-risk features. Additionally, the observed worse overall survival amongst women in lower SES groups and those living away from cities highlights the need for equitable service delivery across the country.