Aims: In the phase 3 EORTC 1325-MG/KEYNOTE-054 trial, pembrolizumab improved RFS (HR 0.57) and DMFS (HR 0.60) vs placebo and showed manageable safety in patients with stage III cutaneous melanoma and complete lymph node resection. We present data for patients who recurred and crossed over or were rechallenged with pembrolizumab per protocol.
Methods: Patients were randomized to pembrolizumab 200mg (N=514) or placebo (N=505) Q3W for 18 doses. Those who recurred without brain metastases and had an ECOG PS 0-2 could enter part 2 and receive pembrolizumab 200mg Q3W ≤2yr for crossover (recurrence after placebo) or rechallenge (recurrence ≥6mo after completing pembrolizumab).
Results: As of 16-Oct-2020, 298 (59%) placebo patients recurred and 155 crossed over. 297 (58%) pembrolizumab patients completed adjuvant pembrolizumab and 20/47 who recurred ≥6mo after completing therapy were rechallenged. Median follow-up for crossover and rechallenge was 41mo and 19mo. Among crossover patients, median part 2 PFS was 8.5mo (95% CI 5.7-15.2) and 3-yr PFS rate was 32%; based on stage at part 2 baseline, median PFS (95% CI) was 14mo (5-27) in stage III-resected patients and 8mo (5-15) in stage IV-unresected, III-C-unresected, or IV-resected patients. ORR in the 80 evaluable stage IV crossover patients was 39% (14 CRs, 17 PRs), 2-yr PFS rate from response was 69% (95% CI 48-83), and from crossover, median PFS was 6.1mo (95% CI 4.1-15.2) and 3-yr PFS rate was 31%. Among rechallenge patients, median part 2 PFS was 4.1mo (95% CI 2.6-NE); for the 9 evaluable stage IV rechallenged patients, best response was 1 CR, 3 SDs, and 5 PDs. 51/175 (29%) part 2 patients had a grade 1-4 irAE (11 [6%] with grade 3-4).
Conclusions: Pembrolizumab after crossover yielded a 39% ORR in evaluable patients and 3-yr PFS of ~32%. Pembrolizumab rechallenge had lower efficacy (11% ORR in evaluable patients).