Background
Clinical pathways (CPs) can improve health outcomes, but to be sustainable, must be deemed acceptable and appropriate by staff. A CP for anxiety and depression in cancer patients (ADAPT-CP) was implemented in 12 Australian oncology services for 12 months, within a cluster-randomised controlled trial of core versus enhanced implementation strategies. This study aimed to compare staff-perceived acceptability and appropriateness of the ADAPT-CP across study arms.
Methods
Multi-disciplinary lead teams at each service tailored, planned, championed and implemented the CP. Purposively selected staff, completed a survey and participated in an interview prior to implementation (T0), and at midpoint (6 months;T1) and end (12 months;T2) of implementation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed.
Results
Seven metropolitan and 5 regional services participated. Questionnaires were completed by 106, 58 and 57 staff at T0, T1 and T2 respectively. Eighty-eight staff consented to be interviewed at T0, with 89 and 76 at T1 and T2. Acceptability/appropriateness, on the quantitative measure, was high at T0 (mean of 31/35) and remained consistent throughout the study, with no differences between arms. Perceived burden was relatively low (mean of 11/20) with no change over time. Lowest scores and greatest variability pertained to perceived impact on workload, time and cost. Four major themes were identified: 1) Mental health is an important issue which ADAPT addresses; 2) ADAPT helps staff deliver best care and reduces staff stress; 3) ADAPT is fit for purpose, for both cancer care services and patients; 4) ADAPT: a catalyst for change.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated high staff-perceived acceptability and appropriateness of the ADAPT-CP with regards to its focus, evidence-base, utility to staff and patients, and ability to create change. However, concerns remained regarding burden on staff and cost. Strategies from a policy and managerial level will likely be required to overcome the latter issues.